The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride tablets (500mg) of four brands which are available in Mangalore. Ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent active against a broad spectrum of gramnegative and gram-positive organisms, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. Quality test is a way to guarantee quality of drug products as many pharmaceutics can produce substandard drug products. In this project, ciprofloxacin hydrochloride of 500mg tablets were randomly selectedfrom three manufactures of Bangladesh and has been assessed according to the United States Pharmacopoeia and British Pharmacopoeia. Those products were subjected to seven key testssuch as-weight variation, hardness, dissolution test, drug content, disintegration test, friability and antimicrobial test. Assay of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride tablets showed that the samples of four brands had potency with in limit. In-vitro release study showed that the amount of ciprofloxacin released in 30 minutes was not less than 80% of the labeled amount which is in accordance with the pharmacopeias requirements. Results of all tests are satisfactorily well, which shows a high-quality performance. This study will provide a basis for further In-vivo studies. The tested oral ciprofloxacin products distributed in our country were proven that those products had good quality.

Ageratum conyzoides, family Asteraceae is a straight, grassy, annual, 30 to 80cm long, stems are covered with fine white hairs, leaves are opposite, puberty with long petioles and trichomes of glands which were used for in vitro assessment of the anti-inflammatory activity. Medically it is used for the treatment of burn, colic, collyrium, dyspepsia, emetic, eye problems, lithontriptic as purgative, sleep-sickness, sore throat, syphilis, uterine disorders, wound, etc. This study used the in-vitro HRBC method to identify the anti-inflammatory property of the aqueous, alcoholic, and hydroalcoholic extracts of the leaves and analyzed them. The result of this study revealed that alcoholic extracts (200mg/ml) of Ageratum conyzoides showed significant anti-inflammatory activity. This anti-inflammatory activity of Ageratum conyzoides was compared with the potency of a standard drug (diclofenac sodium).

The rapid advancement and integration of nanomaterials into various industries, including medicine, cosmetics and environmental engineering, has raised significant concerns regarding the adverse effects of nanomaterials on human health and the environment. This review explores the potential risks associated with the widespread use of nanomaterials, highlighting their unique physicochemical properties that contribute to their biological interactions. This review describes the advantages as well as the disadvantages of different kinds of nanomaterials, it describes how nanomaterials used in the decade years, present use and future development, in what categories nanomaterials are divided into and use of them. The review also highlights recent advancements in synthesis techniques aimed at enhancing the purity, yield and functionality of nanomaterials. Emphasis is placed on the need for continued innovation in synthesis strategies to meet the growing demands of nanotechnology while ensuring environmental and human safety. It highlights the diverse applications and distinctive characteristics of nanomaterials that contribute to their widespread utility. In medicine, nanomaterials are employed for targeted drug delivery, imaging and diagnostic applications, capitalizing on their high surface area and functionalizability. In electronics, they enable the development of smaller, faster and more efficient devices, due to their superior electrical and thermal conductivity. Despite their beneficial applications, the findings underscore the urgent need for comprehensive risk assessment frameworks and regulatory policies to mitigate potential hazards. Future research directions are proposed to address gaps in understanding the long-term implications of nanomaterial exposure, aiming to ensure safe and sustainable use of nanomaterials. The toxicity of a metallic nanomaterial may differ depending on the oxidation state, ligands, solubility and morphology, and on environmental and health conditions.